Preferred term

Gypsum

From Latin, from Greek gupsos chalk, plaster, cement, of Semitic origin. Artificially prepared dehydrated calcium sulphate. Natural calcium sulphate is dehydrated by calcination and crushed. The resulting powder is kneaded with water, sets and hardens rapidly. It is widely used in architecture and construction. It has been used in artistic techniques such as preparation for gilding, panel painting, manuscript illumination, and sculpture.